Yesterday, air raid sirens could be heard all over Serbia to commemorate the NATO bombing of the country that led to the de facto end of Serbian rule in Kosovo ten years ago. The anniversary was a tense occasion that confirms the volatility of Serbian politics but also the fragility of the country's current European orientation.
Politicians of almost all hues invariably denounced the raids, and Prime Minister Mirko Cvetkovic branded them "an illegal act" and added that "Serbia cannot forget those tragic days." Public rituals that reproduce a sense of collective trauma such as a special cabinet session, visits and "pilgrimages" to bombing sites, remembrance activities at schools were held countrywide for yet one more year but only a heavily policed rally in central Belgrade was organized by hard-line nationalists and the hardliners were largely contained.
And although Serbian President Boris Tadic called the bombing a "tragic" event that accused and bombed Serbs collectively, official discourse on the bombing remains ambiguous. Deputy Prime Minister and a member of the Socialist Party (led by Milosevic at the time of the NATO intervention) Ivica Dacic speaking at a Socialist Party event in Belgrade called NATO's action a "criminal act" that was designed to wrest Kosovo away from Serbia while most commemorations had largely anti-Western undertones. Although the NATO air campaign became perhaps the only option at the time largely due to the earlier inaction and indecision of Western governments to stem the tide of nationalism and the opportunism of the ruling elites throughout former Yugoslavia, it was, nevertheless, unavoidable as Milosevic was embarking on yet another reckless campaign dragging with him into the abyss the citizens of Serbia. But as Liberal Party leader Cedomir Jovanovic bravely pointed out the government has yet again failed to spell out that the bombing was the consequence of irresponsible, criminal and wrong policies pursued by the Serbian government under Slobodan Milosevic. It is imperative that present day Serbia shook off its uncritical anti-western reflexes and reflected on the internal factors that led one of the most polyphonic and cultured societies of East Central Europe descend into the murky realm of genocidal politics just as it is imperative that the Western democracies that allowed this to happen reflected on their culpability in the killing and suffering of so many innocent Serbian and former Yugoslav civilians - before and during the air raids. Perhaps this might be the most fitting commemoration of all those lost ten years ago.
Dear Spyros
ReplyDeleteYou appear to assume that Nato interventions are moral and democratic or based on universally agreed rules of engagement.
A
Dear A. I never described NATO interventions as democratic and even more so moral and I do not consider them to be either. I think they were the culmination of a chain of failures on the part of the "international community". What I am opposed to is the symbolic absolution of particular political forces in Serbia on the grounds of the NATO intervention. The repression and displacement of hundreds of thousands of Kosovo Albanians and before them the wars in Croatia and Bosnia did happen and although Serbia was not the only culprit, some soul searching is in order. I have written about these issues and the complexity of responsibility in Nation and Identity in Contemporary Europe.
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